Canada is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.

Its 2020 population is estimated at 37,742,154 people at mid year according to UN data.

About the weather, average winter and summer high temperatures across Canada vary from region to region. Winters can be harsh in many parts of the country, particularly in the interior and Prairie provinces, which experience a continental climate, between −15 °C (5 °F), and −40 °C (−40 °F) with severe wind chills; While Coastal British Columbia has a temperate climate, with a mild and rainy winter.

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